Overview:

• Recognition and registration are amalgamated in Singapore rather than ideally differentiated; a focus is placed on the legal registration of religious groups with few to no means for existential recognition.

• The requirement of a permit to speak at indoor gatherings on the topics of race or religion is censorious.

• The rule of mandatory registration is a violation of the Bielefeldt provision; unregistered groups are not able to establish charities.

Positive elements:

• Horizontal recognition is in effect.

Recommendations:

• Dismantlement of the present apparatus of laws restricting religious activity must take place for Singapore to rise to restrictive status; also, crucially, reverse of all national bans on certain religious groups.

• Restrictions and the use of subjective language in the legislation as a means for restriction would need to be revoked in order for the country to rise to receptive status; also, establish a reorganised recognition system that extends both existential recognition and legal registration to all belief systems and their derivatives equally.